Sub-millimeter

ALPINE (The ALMA Large Program to Investigate C+ at Early Times)

(PIs: O. LeFèvre, A. Faisst, M. Bethermin, P. Capak, P. Cassata, D. Schaerer, J. Silverman, L. Yan)

ALPINE is a 70h cycle 5 ALMA program (Faisst et al., 2020, LeFevre et al., 2020, Bethermin et al., in 2020)  to study the gas and dust properties of young galaxies during the early growth phase at redshifts z = 4-6. ALPINE observes in total 118 main-sequence galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts between 4.4 to 5.9 in COSMOS (105) and the GOODS-S/ECDFS (13) at a rest-frame wavelength of 158 micro-meter and measures their singly ionized Carbon emission (C+) as well as their far-infrared (FIR) continuum. The chosen galaxies are representative of the Universe at these times and therefore ALPINE provides a representative picture of their physical properties.

The main science questions addressed with ALPINE are:

• What are the mechanisms that fuel the initial growth of galaxies? - ALPINE gives accurate measurements of the gas properties and gas fractions of galaxies at z>4.
• What are the ISM properties of galaxies in the early Universe and how do they compare to the present day galaxies? - ALPINE accurately constrains the dust properties of these galaxies.

In addition to this, ALPINE provides a lasting legacy in the data-rich ECDFS and COSMOS areas. These data will pave the way for detailed follow-up observations, e.g., with ALMA at higher spatial resolution, and provide a reference sample for studies with future facilities like JWST.

Release papers: Faisst et al., 2020. (ancillary data release), Bethermin et al., in 2020. (ALMA data products), LeFevre et al., 2020 (brief survey overview)
Other papers: Check out ADS.

Public Webpage: http://alpine.ipac.caltech.edu

Contact: A. Faisst (North America PI) at afaisst[at]ipac.caltech.edu

 

Bolometer observations (10-35'' resolution)

• MAMBO (0.11 deg², Bertoldi et al. 2007)
• AzTEC (0.15 deg², Scott et al. 2008; 0.72 sq deg, Aretxaga et al. 2011)
• SCUBA-2 (0.12 deg², Casey et al. 2013)
• Bolocam (0.27 deg², Aguirre et al. 2011)
• LABOCA (0.7 deg², Navarrete et al. in prep)
• GISMO (0.16 deg², Karim et al. in prep)

See the field coverage plot and table below for a summary of observation properties.

Interferometric follow-up (0.35-3'' resolution)

• SMA
• CARMA
• PdBI
• ALMA (programs underway by various PIs including Aravena, Karim, Capak, Carilli, Scoville, Sheth)

References: Younger et al. 2007, 2009; Aravena et al. 2010; Smolcic et al. 2012a,b; Miettinen et al. 2015.

 

Image: The field coverage of the various sub-millimeter surveys within the COSMOS region.

Summary of parameters for sub-millimeter bolometric observations in the COSMOS field.

Telescope/Instrument	Band	Depth (1σ)	Area (deg2)	Reference
JCMT/AzTEC	1.1 mm	1.3 mJy/beam	0.15	Scott et al. (2008)
ASTE/AzTEC	1.1 mm	1.26 mJy/beam	0.72	Aretxaga et al. (2011)
LABOCA	0.87 mm	1.68 mJy/beam	0.75	Navarrete et al. (in prep)
MAMBO	1.2 mm	1.0 mJy/beam	0.11	Bertoldi et al. (2007)
JCMT/SCUBA-2	0.45 mm	4.13 mJy/beam	0.11	Casey et al. (2013)
JCMT/SCUBA-2	0.85 mm	0.8 mJy/beam	0.11	Casey et al. (2013)
CSO-Bolocam	1.1 mm	1.9 mJy/beam	0.27	Aguirre et al. (2011)
GISMO	2 mm	0.23 (0.3) mJy/beam	0.07 (0.16)	Karim et al. (in prep)